Article reviews
Thursday, August 27, 2020
Tenontosaurus - Facts and Figures
Tenontosaurus - Facts and Figures Name: Tenontosaurus (Greek for ligament reptile); articulated ten-NON-toe-SORE-us Natural surroundings: Forests of North America Verifiable Period: Center Cretaceous (120-100 million years prior) Size and Weight: Around 20 feet in length and two tons Diet: Plants Recognizing Characteristics: Tight head; surprisingly long tail About Tenontosaurus A few dinosaurs are more renowned for how they got eaten than for how they really lived. Thatââ¬â¢s the case with Tenontosaurus, a medium-sized ornithopod that was on the lunch menu of the honorably measured raptor Deinonychus (we know this from the revelation of a Tenontosaurus skeleton encompassed by various Deinonychus bones; obviously predators and prey were completely killed simultaneously by a characteristic disaster). Since a grown-up Tenontosaurus could tip the scales at a few tons, littler raptors like Deinonychus more likely than not needed to chase in packs to cut it down. Other than its job as ancient lunch meat, the center Cretaceous Tenontosaurus was generally fascinating for its strangely long tail, which was suspended off the ground by a system of particular ligaments (thus this dinosaurs name, which is Greek for ligament reptile). The sort example of Tenontosaurus was found in 1903 during an American Museum of Natural History campaign to Montana drove by the renowned scientist Barnum Brown; decades later, John H. Ostrom did a closer examination of this ornithopod, result to his concentrated investigation of Deinonychus (which he finished up was genealogical to present day feathered creatures). Strangely, Tenontosaurus is the most copious plant-eating dinosaur to be spoken to in an immense stretch of the Cloverly Formation in the western U.S.; the main herbivore that is really close is the heavily clad dinosaur Sauropelta. Regardless of whether this compares to the genuine environment of center Cretaceous North America, or is only a peculiarity of the fossilization procedure, stays a secret.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The Offer Contract Agreement
The Offer Contract Agreement Offer Contract Agreement Dwindle gained a Degas painting. On second May, he sent a wire message to Manjit that he was set up to sell the Degas painting to her for à £240,000, however that he should get an answer inside seven days. Manjit answered quickly by message, expressing that she was willing and that she would pay for it in regularly scheduled payments of à £20,000 each. On third May, Manjit got a phone message from Peter that he would incline toward six regularly scheduled installments of à £40,000 for the work of art. The next day, Manjit sent a letter to Peter which expressed, I consent to pay regularly scheduled installments. It would be ideal if you mastermind the conveyance of the work of art on tenth May. Tragically, her letter arrived at Peter on twelfth May. On eleventh May, in light of a magazine ad Manjit reached the dealer Victoria via telephone and left a message on her replying mail, expressing that she would purchase the Van Gogh painting for à £201,000. On fifteenth May, both Peter and Victoria showed up at Manjits office, each asserting that she was will undoubtedly purchase their particular works of art. As Manjit had gotten a letter from her bookkeeper that early daytime cautioning that her business was in some trouble, she presently expresses the she doesn't wish to purchase either painting. Exhort Manjit. In English Law so as to shape an agreement, the accompanying components must be available: A substantial offer hosts been proffered by the primary gathering to the next gathering or gatherings. The offer has been acknowledged unaltered continuously gathering or gatherings and this has been imparted to the offeror. There is an aim by all gatherings to make lawful relations, when they go into the agreement and the gatherings have the ability to contract. The guarantees made inside the agreement are for important thought. The provisions of the agreement are sure. An offer is characterized as an outflow of ability to contract on certain standing, made with the goal that it will get authoritative when it is acknowledged by the individual to whom it is tended to, the offeree. The articulation alluded to in the definition can have different structures, for example, a letter, paper, fax, email, direct (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance), and so forth., and the fundamental standard is that it needs to perforce convey the premise on which the offeror is set up to agreement. The courts will pass judgment on the part of expectation, alluded to in the definition, dispassionately. In Smith v. Hughes it has been underscored that the significant thing isn't a partys genuine expectations yet how a sensible individual would see the circumstance (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance). This is owing to the explanation that as per presence of mind neither one of the parties would wish to break their side of the agreement in the event that it would make them guilty to harms. Acknowledgment is a last and inadequate articulation of consent to the details of an offer (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance). A respondent can't guarantee that it was never his expectation to be limited by the understanding in the event that it is set up during preliminary that his activity served to impart to the next gathering or gatherings that he had in truth concurred. Consent might be displayed in an assortment of ways and one of them is by the marking of an agreement or it may comprise of a guarantee to pay somebody if the last plays out specific acts and might be acknowledged by the mentioned direct rather than a guarantee to do the demonstration. The exhibition of the mentioned demonstration affirms that the gathering has consented to the provisions of the offer. What is required, as a matter of course, is that there ought to be proof that every one of the gatherings had, from a goal point of view, occupied with direct showing their consent. This necessity of a target point of view picks up significance in situations where one of the gatherings asserts that an offer had not been acknowledged and accordingly exploits the exhibition of the other party. In such occurrences the trial of whether a sensible onlooker would host apparent that the gathering has impliedly acknowledged the proposal by lead is significant. The guidelines of acknowledgment are: The acknowledgment must be imparted, this infers relying upon the development of the agreement, the acknowledgment might not need to come until the warning of the exhibition of the conditions in the offer, in as in Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Company (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance), where the litigants, the owners of a clinical arrangement called the carbolic smoke ball, gave a commercial to general society, in which they offered to pay à £ 100 to any individual who contracted flu subsequent to having utilized one of these smoke balls in a way indicated by them and for a predetermined period. Notwithstanding, note that this offer was one-sided or open to the entire world to acknowledge. Without such a one-sided offer notices are simply a challenge to treat. In Partridge v. Crittenden it was held that the proposal available to be purchased of certain wild feathered creatures, which was unlawful, was esteemed to be, by the High Court as a challenge to treat and not offers available to be purchased. An offer must be acknowledged by the offeree (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance). An offer isn't bound if someone else acknowledges the proposal for his sake without his authorisation (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance) . It might be suggested from the development of the agreement that the offeror has shed the necessity of correspondence of acknowledgment (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance). On the off chance that the offer determines a strategy for acknowledgment, at that point such acknowledgment must be made utilizing a technique that is no less powerful than the strategy indicated (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance). Quiet can't be interpreted as acknowledgment, as held in Felthouse v. Bindley(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance). The intensity of acknowledgment is constantly ended by dismissal or counter proposal by the offeree, repudiation by the offeror preceding acknowledgment, pass of time, obligation or insufficiency of the offeror or offeree. In Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Company there was a promotion that utilization of a smoke ball in the endorsed way would shield the shopper from flu. The offended party having faith in this notice got one of these carbolic balls and utilized it in the recommended way and for the endorsed period however by and by contracted flu. The court held that the offended party was qualified for recuperate the guaranteed sum. Be that as it may, the acknowledgment must be imparted and before acknowledgment, an offer can be pulled back. In our current issue, Peter a craftsmanship seller was in control of a Degas Painting which he offered to offer to Manjit, another workmanship vendor for à £ 240,000/ - , with the condition that acknowledgment must be imparted to him inside seven days. To this Manjit answered by message that she was happy to buy the work of art and that she would pay in regularly scheduled payments of à £20,000/ - . Manjitââ¬â¢s wire message can't be considered to comprise acknowledgment since she had made a counter proposal to Peter. From the above it is obvious that legitimately, Manjit had made a counter proposal to Peter and not an acknowledgment of his proposal as indicated by the arrangements of the agreement demonstration. An offeror can renounce a proposal before it has been acknowledged, however such denial must be imparted to the offeree. Subsequent to getting Manjitââ¬â¢s counter offer, Peter again made a proposal to pay for the artistic creation by six regularly scheduled payments of à £ 40,000/ - each by phone on the third of May. Manjit demonstrated her acknowledgment by a letter, which she presented on Parker on the fourth of May. The letter was effectively stepped and tended to however all things considered it was gotten by Peter just on the twelfth of May. An offer will stay in power until: To start with, its disavowal by the offeror whenever before acknowledgment and such repudiation is imparted to the offeree. Second, it is dismissed by the offeree because of a counter offer. Third, the offer passes because of the expiry of a specified time limit. Fourth, an agreement condition has fizzled. At long last, if the offeror has terminated and notice of such death is gotten by the offeree. In Hyde v Wrench , Wrench offered to sell his property for à £1200 to Hyde. When Hyde dismissed that offer, Wrench made a further proposal to sell for à £1000. Hyde answered that he would purchase the property whenever offered for à £950, yet Wrench wouldn't sell for this sum. Thusly, Hyde wrote to Wrench that he would purchase this property for à £1000. The Court of Chancery held that Hyde had dismissed the two offers made by Wrench and that an offer, when dismissed, can't be resuscitated. Likewise, there was no agreement in presence and subsequently, the activity was considered to have fizzled. These realities obviously show that Hyde made a counter offer and furthermore attempted to acknowledge an offer which he had recently dismissed. In this way, in agreement to the case law talked about over, an offer which was dismissed in the primary example by the offeree can't be acknowledged later on so as to make a legitimately restricting agreement. In our current case Peter made a proposal to Manjit for selling the artistic creation for a predetermined sum. Manjit made a counter proposal wherein she offered to pay by portions. Dwindle was not pleasant to the quantity of portions and appropriately, he made another wherein the quantity of portions was decreased. Manjit acknowledged this offer however as indicated by the Hyde v Wrench choice, Manjit can't depend on the first proposal since she made a counter offer along these lines, in this way there is no legitimate agreement among Peter and Manjit. On the off chance that the offeree rejects the offer, the offer has been devastated and can't be acknowledged later on. Indeed, even else, she had posted her letter of acknowledgment on the fourth of May, which arrived at Peter just on the twelfth of May, in which she had made a period specification for the delive
Friday, August 21, 2020
Alia Whitney-Johnson Making a Difference in Sri Lanka
Alia Whitney-Johnson Making a Difference in Sri Lanka The MIT Public Service Center provides fellowships for students to travel around the world to allow them apply their talent and knowledge towards the advancement of underserved communities. Alia Whitney-Johnson, a Junior studying Civil and Environmental Engineering, spent three weeks teaching the art of jewelry making to eighteen Sri Lankan young mothers in a shelter for raped and sexually abused girls. Her original plan was to assist the shelter, called Ma-Sevana, by a writing fundraising letter. But the moment she arrived, she felt overwhelming uncomfortable as a foreigner who did not even speak the language. âI wanted to remedy this feeling of distance and to give something more than my fundraising letter could, a personal relationship that might perhaps provide a sense of support rather than alienation, that might actually bring something beautiful, though not necessarily tangible, to their lives.â Alia decided to share her passion for beadwork by hosting jewelry workshops for the girls. The transformation was rapid and inspirational; the young women developed individually by sharing their experiences while the group became more cohesive. Since the girls spoke very little English, Alia initially communicated with them using a translator. However, she barely remembers a language barrier and recalls discovering the power of non-verbal communication. âSomehow we were able to sit around and make jokes and make fun of each other. How we did this without words is beyond me, but I will always treasure those moments when the girls would clearly be talking about me in Sinhalese, and I would start imitating them and we would all laugh.â But when she returned home from her trip, she wanted to empower the girls by enabling them to use their beading skills to support themselves and their shelter. Her solution was to develop a program called âEmerge,â to âencourage the qualities I witnessed manifesting during the few workshops I had hosted at Ma-Sevana: self-respect, creativity, confidence, a willingness to try something new, independence, collaboration, imagination, organization, hope, and autonomy. Emerge would continue to support them in beadwork, an activity that proved to support the surfacing of these qualities while transcending prior educational background, enabling a lasting skill for the future, and providing a method of income generation.â Alia also established a sponsorship program, where contributors financially support a Ma-Sevana artist by donating $50 in cash or beads per quarter for at least a year. In exchange, they receive quarterly portfolios of pictures of five of the artistsâ favorite pieces. She has found six sponsors so far, but still needs twelve more. The jewelry will be sold in both Sri Lanka and the United States and all proceeds will be re-invested into the program, the shelter, and the girlsâ bank accounts. If you are interested, visit their website at web.mit.edu/emerge. Aliaâs commitment to Ma-Sevana and the Emerge program is extremely inspiring and I hope that it will encourage you all to apply your excellent educations and skills to making global changes.
Monday, May 25, 2020
How Does Commercial Logging Impact Our Environment
How does commercial logging impact our environment? Cody McDuffie 9/11/14 Environmental science How has commercial logging impacted out environment? Has it been negative, positive or stayed in the middle? Most lay people have purchased into the concept that reducing down plants in the US should be ceased. They think that plants are being greatly over-cut and we will not have any air remaining to take in, all the creatures will die, and large break down problems will adhere to. The fact is that in the US forestry is extremely controlled. We work on a maintainable generate, which indicates we will never run out of plants. We will cut a package, and then place two to three times the plants that were collected. It s in theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦That is so much faster than waiting 100 years. If we have this ability and we are planting these trees arms length apart we can grow enough trees to meet our supply need and not impact more natural forests. I appreciate a beautiful piece of furniture made from some rare and expensive wood but not so much that I donââ¬â¢t want to b e able to take my children into the rain forests in years to come and not be able to show them the natural beauties that once were. Deforestation is killing Earth s jungles on a massive scale, often leading to damage to the quality of the area. Forests still protect about 30 % of the worldââ¬â¢s area, but swaths the size of Little are lost each and every season. The worldââ¬â¢s jungles could completely disappear in a century at the current rate of deforestation. Forests are cut down for many reasons, but most of them are related to money or to peopleââ¬â¢s need to offer for their loved ones. The biggest driver of deforestation is farming. Farm owners cut jungles to offer more room for increasing plants or grazing animals. Often many small farmers will each obvious a few miles to nourish their loved ones by reducing down vegetation and burning them in a process known as ââ¬Å"slash and burnâ⬠farming. Logging functions, which offer the worldââ¬â¢s wood and paper pro ducts, also cut countless vegetation each season. Loggers, some of them performing unlawfully, also build streets to access
Thursday, May 14, 2020
Medea And Hubris - 1050 Words
Hubris, extreme pride or arrogance, is a commonly used topic in Greek tragedies. Authors utilize it to showcase a characters downfall. Hubris is a huge part in plays like ââ¬Å"Oedipus Rexâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Medeaâ⬠, where it often leads to the eventual downfall of the characters. Human characters are often flawed; arrogance and self-importance blinding them in their weakest moments. It is common that the personââ¬â¢s character becomes their undoing. Hubris teaches the readers a valuable lesson by showcasing Jasonââ¬â¢s ego and pride, Medeaââ¬â¢s anger and pride, and Oedipus Rexââ¬â¢s arrogance and stubbornness. Jasonââ¬â¢s ego and pride are illustrated when he betrays his wife, Medea, then proceeds to marry another woman, a princess. ââ¬Å"It was not because of a woman I madeâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦44, Euripides). Jasonââ¬â¢s actions enraged Medea, who in turn killed their children to return the favor. By acting haughty, Jasonââ¬â¢s downfall brought on the same misfortune upon Medea. In a like manner Medea was chagrined and embittered when Jason left Medea for a princess. ââ¬Å"Ah, I have suffered What should be wept for bitterly. I hate you, Children of a hateful mother. I curse you And your father. Let the whole house crash.â⬠(pg. 5, Euripides) Furiously Medea is speaking how much she loathes her children and their father in addition to how she wishes death upon them. Medea is showing off her pride by not being able to move on from Jason, specifically by repeating how much she hates him over and over. She also displayed her anger by vocalizing on how much she wants her children and their father dead, which can also be assumed that she will end up killing them. ââ¬Å"I shall never accept the favors of friends of yours, Nor take a thing from you, so you need not offer it. There is no benefit in the gifts of a bad man.â⬠(pg 20, Euripides) Primarily Medea is telling Jason about how she doesnt want to accept anythin g from him or his friends. Medeaââ¬â¢s pride wont allow her to accept anything from a man she is infuriated by. Medea could have easily declined in a more pleasant way and she should have not been so infuriated with him. Her rage and self worth was so immense, it attributed to the destruction of herShow MoreRelatedThe Hubris In Oedipus Rex And Medea1027 Words à |à 5 PagesHubris is a commonly used subject in Greek tragedies, which means extreme pride or arrogance. Authors utilize hubris to showcase a characters downfall. Hubris has a huge part in plays like ââ¬Å"Oedipus Rexâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Medeaâ⬠. The Hubris in Oedipus Rex and Medea, which leads to the eventual downfall of the characters and teaches the readers a valuable lesson by showcasing Jasonââ¬â¢s ego and pride, Medeaââ¬â¢s anger and pride, and Oedipus Rexââ¬â¢s arrogance and stubbornness. Jasonââ¬â¢s ego and pride were showcased whenRead MoreMedea: Jasons Demise1405 Words à |à 6 PagesThe role and Significance of Hubris in the fall of Jason As is archetypal to all Greek tragedies, ââ¬ËMedeaââ¬â¢ by Euripides chronicles the downfall of a noble hero, Jason, as a result of a combination of factors like fate, hubris and the will of the gods. In ââ¬ËMedeaââ¬â¢, the hubris of the main character, Jason, was his pride. This drove him to betray his wife Medeaââ¬â¢s trust and defy moral parameters set by the gods. Euripides employed the hubris of Jason and his act of disobedience towards the gods as a reflectionRead MoreMedea and Othello1559 Words à |à 7 PagesTwo tragedies from two different time period, Medea and Othello show similarities and differences in their characters, story plots and settings. Euripedesââ¬â¢ Medea written in the classical period and Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Othello written in the romantic era, the two tragedies shows different feel of what tragedies are. First of all, the most obvious difference between these two play is how Medea shows unities (time, place and action) whilst Othello has none. Itââ¬â¢s clearly shown in the first scene, as soonRead MoreThematic Antithesis in Greek Tragedies Essay1358 Words à |à 6 PagesThematic Antithesis in Greek Tragedies The binary oppositions in Euripides plays, Medea and Bacchae, emphasize the structural techniques seen throughout both of the plays works are ââ¬Å"[described as] a pair of theoretical opposites or thematic contrastsâ⬠(Marvin 1). The themes are highly symmetrical throughout and typical of the structure of Greek tragedies. Euripides use of thematic antithesis gives greater irony within Greek plays. The gender roles of female and male challenge the traditional stereotypicalRead More Tragic Heroines: Medea and Clytemnestra994 Words à |à 4 Pageshero must experience a peripeteia. Two of the most famous Greek tragic heroes (heroines) were Medea and Clytemnestra. They share characteristics Aristotle deemed essential for the heroic character in a tragedy. They are both of high rank. Medea is a princess and a sorceress, and Clytemnestra was the de facto ruler of Argos in Agamemnonââ¬â¢s absence. Their tales initially evoked sympathy, but hamartia and hubris were instrumental in each womans downfall. Both suffer significant peripety as victims ofRead MoreThe Concept of the Tragic Hero: an Analysis of Jason and Medea in Euripides Medea1442 Words à |à 6 PagesIn ââ¬ËMedeaââ¬â¢, Euripides shows Medea in a new light, as a scorned woman that the audience sympathises with to a certain extent, but also views as a monster due to her act of killing her own children. The protagonist of a tragedy, known as the Tragic Hero is supposed to have certain characteristics which cause the audience to sympathise with them and get emotionally involved with the plot. The two main characters, Medea and Jason, each have certain qualities of the Tragic Hero, but neither has them allRead MoreAn Analysis Of Edith Hamilton s Mythology1073 Words à |à 5 Pagess Mythology is the destruction of the self with indulgence in Hubris. Hubris is the arrogance found within the human and can corrupt a man. For example, within the story of Niobe, Niobe says themselves to be like the Goddess Leto. By comparison Niobe lifts herself onto her level of authority. The Gods are angered and strike Niobe s children dead, completing the circle of hubris that ends in defeat by the Gods. When it comes to hubris, in the end the one at fault will realize the error of their waysRead MoreThe Concept of the Tragic Hero: an Analysis of Jason and Medea in Euripidesââ¬â¢ Medeaââ¬â¢1429 Words à |à 6 PagesIn ââ¬ËMedeaââ¬â¢, Euripides shows Medea in a new light, as a scorned woman that the audience sympathises with to a certain extent, but also views as a monster due to her act of killing her own children. The protagonist of a tragedy, known as the Tragic Hero is supposed to have certain characteristics which cause the audience to sympathise with them and get emotionally involved with the plot. The two main characters, Medea and Jason, each have certain qualities of the Tragic Hero, but neither has them allRead MoreEvaluation of Euripides Essay942 Words à |à 4 Pa gesthe present day era is Medea. In it, he depicted the struggle between a mothers love for her children and a flouted wifes desire for revenge on her husband. Like much of Euripides work, it is a tale which sometimes abandons, and sometimes, emphasises the age old conventions of Attic tragedy. Attic tragedian plays traditionally follow a predetermined structure and cycle. This convention was used to characterise the play. In Euripides Medea, we see this tradition upheldRead More Euripedes Medea versus Aristotlean Poetics Essay1570 Words à |à 7 Pagesrules of tragedy in fact made a deep imprint on the writing of tragic works, while he influenced the structure of theatre, with his analysis of human nature. Euripides Medea, a Greek tragedy written with partial adherence to the Aristotelian rules, explores the continuation of the ancient Greek tales surrounding the mythology of Medea, Princess of Colchis, and granddaughter of Helios, the sun god, with heartlessness to rival the infamous Circe. While the structure of this play undoubtedly perpetuates
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Structure Of Dn Cooperation And Competition - 949 Words
The Structure of DNA: Cooperation and Competition PRACTICAL PROBLEM: The question ââ¬Å"How do living things pass on their traits to offspringâ⬠had long been on the minds of researchers. CURIOSITY: Curiosity was a trait of all those who wondered about that question. Gregor Mendel was just one of those people leading up to the four who discovered the structure of DNA. The four people who discovered the structure of DNA built upon the EXPLORATION AND DISCOVERY of others: At the time of this discovery, the groundwork in DNA research had been prepared, beginning with the work of Gregor Mendel in the 19th century. NEW TECHNOLOGY: Later, in the decades of the 1940ââ¬â¢s and 50ââ¬â¢s, the understanding of DNA grew because of new technology. DISCOVERY: It was learned that DNA is made of phosphates, sugars, four bases and discovering that those bases are stacked .34 nanometers apart and that the DNA bases always occur in the same ââ¬Å"A=T, C=Gâ⬠ratios. PERSONAL MOTIVATION: Part of the motivation for those who discovered the structure of DNA is that there were other individuals and groups interested in answering the same questions about the way life works. It may have added a little pressure and excitement to the process. MAURICE WILKINS, Nuclear physicist Maurice built his career by becoming educated regarding the contributions and discoveries of others. MOTIVATION: Maurice wanted a change. INSPIRATION: He felt inspired with the same question, ââ¬Å"How do living things pass on theirShow MoreRelatedMaster plan for the development of Vietname s motorcycle industry in the period of 2006-2015 with a vision to 202026479 Words à |à 106 Pagesindustries and industrial human resources 80 III. Development of science and technology capacity 82 IV. Improvement of organization structure and activities of an industry 82 organization V. Improvement of product quality and environment protection 83 VI. Protection of intellectual property rights 83 VII. Market development 84 VIII. Building a fair competition business environment 84 IX. Urban transport problems and traffic safety 84 Conclusions and Recommendations 86 Appendixes 88 Read MoreNew Product Launch Strategy: Evaluation Model6119 Words à |à 25 Pagesdevelopment managers face intense pressure to bring world-class products to market in record time. Many factors contribute to this pressure, including acceleration in the rate of technological development, improved mass communication, more intense competition due to the maturing of markets and globalization, fragmentation of the marketplace due to changing demographics, shorter product life cycles, and the escalating cost of RD (Ali et al., 1995). This accelerated rate of product obsolescence increasesRead MoreConceptual Framework And Literature Review8059 Words à |à 33 Pageshousing, population explosion, poverty and several others as a result of inadequate infrastructure. (Aluko 2007) Izueke and Eme (2013) asserted that urban centres throughout the world exhibit an incredible diversity of characteristics, economic structure, levels of infrastructure, historical origins, patterns of growth and degree of formal planning. Yet, many of the problems they face are strikingly familiar. And as Shankar (2012) pointed out, the rapid growth of Indiaââ¬â¢s cities has generated a correspondinglyRead MoreGame Theory and Economic Analyst83847 Words à |à 336 Pagespremises of Nashââ¬â¢s concept of equilibrium (Shubik 1955). Harsanyi compared Nashââ¬â¢s model of negotiation with economic analyses beginning with Zeuthen and continuing with Hicks (Harsanyi 1956). Similarities came to light between the problematic of competition laid out by Edgeworth and the laws of the market (Shubik 1959). The way was now open for further comparisons. The question could be asked, for instance, whether Shapleyââ¬â¢s solution did not simply develop, in axiomatic form, several of the ideasRead MoreHistory of Firewall18739 Words à |à 75 Pagesarmies and from marauding bands intent on pillaging and looting. The term ââ¬Å"ï ¬ rewallâ⬠was in use by Lightoler as early as [1764] to describe walls which separated the parts of a building most likely to have a ï ¬ re (e.g., a kitchen) from the rest of a structure. These physical barriers prevented or slowed a ï ¬ reââ¬â¢s spread throughout a building, saving both lives and property. A related use of the term arose in connection with steam trains, as described by Schneier [2000]: Coal-powered trains had a large furnaceRead MoreFactors Affect Profitability26818 Words à |à 108 Pagesthat focusing and reengineering the banks alongside the key internal drivers could enhance the profitability as well as the performance of the commercial banks in Ethiopia. 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It aims to encourage international cooperation in the following aspects: (http://www.unesco.org/ webworld/public_domain/legal.html) q q q Promotion of the principles of equality, justice and mutual respect in the emerging Information Society; Identification of major ethical issuesRead MoreMarketing and E-commerce Business65852 Words à |à 264 Pagesbusiness model and revenue model, describes the major e-commerce business and revenue models for both B2C and B2B firms, and introduces the basic business concepts required throughout the text for understanding e-commerce firms including industry structure, value chains, and firm strategy. Part 2, ââ¬Å"Technology Infrastructure for E-commerce,â⬠focuses on the technology infrastructure that forms the foundation for all e-commerce. 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Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Analysis Of Contribution Of Determinist Theories â⬠Free Samples
Question: Discuss about the Analysis Of Contribution Of Determinist Theories. Answer: The assignment is based on the proper analysis of contribution of determinist theories and strategic choices. The organization theorists have properly developed different perspectives that are theoretical in nature as to provide compelling view of the change in the organization. The different theories such as resource dependency theory, population theory as well as population ecology helps in generating proper understanding on the organizational action. The main aim and purpose of the assignment is to identify the perspective that is most compelling in nature. The reasoning has to be properly analyzed as this will help in comparing the different population as well as determinist theories along with the organizational performance. The structure of the essay will be discussing the different theories and approaches with proper comparison with the organizational performance of the employees. The response has to be properly provided with the dependency theory as well as population theory. The different theories related to the determinism theory have been described as this will help in analyzing the differences in the determinism as well as strategic choice theory. This will help in understanding the compelling perception. Strategic choice helps in involving an entire process with the help of decision that is considered in order to choose a particular option from different alternatives. The original procedure helps the managers and the decision makers to keep both external and internal environment before thinning it to one (Lam et al., 2013). For instance- When an organization has quandary as whether to invest in a new inorganic process of growth, there are different options available for the overtaking reason. Furthermore, it is the duty to check the merits as well as demerits of the companies that has been overtaken. Furthermore, after checking the external and internal environment, this will help in narrowing down the choice to a single organization. On the other hand, determinism is the philosophical approach that is inevitable as well as necessary in nature for the different affairs that takes place in the organization. Determinism is the approach that is relevant only for the external environment of the organization and it helps the organization in taking important decisions based on the external environment (Xu and Meyer, 2013). For instance- Proper availability of raw materials will affect the productivity of the entire organization as the entire availability of resources is dependent on the supply and demand for those particular resources in a particular organization (Maudlin, 2014). There are different kinds of theories under determinism approach that are described as follows: Resource Dependency Theory is the study of the effect of the external environment on the behavior of the organization (Foss and Knudsen, 2013). Proper procurement of the different external resources is essential tenet for both tactical as well asstrategic management of the company. The success of the entire organization is dependent on the resource dependency theory and this helps the organization in maximizing the power (Moulin, 2014). There are different assumptions of resource dependency theory that are described as follows: The different companies need to comprise of both internal as well as external environment coalitions that emerge from exchanges that are social in nature and these are created for controlling as well as influencing the behavior. The work environment is required to carry scared as well as valuable resources that are essential for the survival of the entire organization (Hill, Jones and Schilling, 2014). The environment can face the problem of uncertainty in acquisition of the resources. The companies are assumed to work properly on two objectives wherein proper control has to be acquired as to minimize the dependence of the other companies. Proper control over the different resources is essential as this will help in maximizing the dependence on the entire organization (Vanwonterghem et al., 2014). Institutional theories help in asserting proper institutional kind of environment in the organization that can strongly help in influencing the formal structure development. The different strategies that are innovative in nature help in improving the efficiency technically in making the organizations easily adopt in legitimizing the environment (Felin, Foss and Ployhart, 2015). The institutional isomorphism gets increased when the companies are that these are highly dependent on different environment of the organization that is institutional and that exists under uncertainty or the goals that are ambiguous in nature and properly rely on the professionals (Franklin, 2017). Population Ecology is the sub category of ecology that helps in dealing with dynamics of the population of the species that helps in interacting with the entire environment (Epstein, 2014). This is quite popular in the determining the external environment of the organization as this will help in understanding the demand of the population. The most popular theory of the population is Malthusian theory (Berofsky, 2015). The theory is simple in nature as when the need of food increase in human beings, the individual himself will increase the demand for the food (Anastasiou and Kauffman, 2013). This will result in increase in supply of the food as well. The population will increase when the subsistence means will increase as well (Clegg, Kornberger and Pitsis, 2015). The theory will be propounded by Malthus has to be properly summed up as this will help in making the different propositions that are: The population generally increases faster than the production of food. On the other hand, when there is increase in population that is regarded as the geometric progression and the production of food will be arithmetic progression and when the means of the subsistence increases, then there is increase in the population as well (Castaldo et al., 2017). Food is necessary element in the life of individuals, and this helps in exercising a proper check on the entire population as well. Furthermore, it can be explained that population is limited by subsistence means (Wolf and Floyd, 2017). There are different kinds of criticism of the Malthusian theory wherein the grounds are described as follows: It has been seen that the theory of Malthus or the pessimistic conclusions did not borne out in the history and the forecast that has been provided by Malthus was falsified in the Western world. Malthus has done proper comparison of the food with the increase in the food and the production alone. This comparison was not enough as there are different other considerations as well that had to be taken into consideration as well (Baker and Saren, 2016). The Malthusian theory is applicable in the todays world as well as there are different preventive checks that have been exercised and there is proper operation of the positive checks as well. The population theory has huge importance in the organizational behavior as well as on the individuals working in the organization. Malthusian theory helps in understanding the importance of the external environment in the organization as this will help in understanding the demand of a particular product and their supply in the external market as well. The perspective that is most compelling in nature is the strategic choice as this helps the organizations in making proper strategic decisions and these are the decisions that are sustainable in nature as well. In the management view, the strategic choice refers to view that the different relationships that are powerful in nature in different contexts of organization along with managerial accountability are restricted by different factors such as technological advancement as well as availability (Castaldo et al., 2017). The entire process of strategic choice as well as planning helps in creating a proper corporate strategy in nature as this will help in involving variety of the options that are strategic in nature along with decisions that are strategic in nature as well. These are the strategic decisions that are the essence of the entire corporate strategy as well. The entire responsibility of process of planning will help in surfacing the different strategic issues along with the different range of uncertainties as this will help in shaping the issues along with understanding the relationship among them. Proper comparison is essential in nature as this helps in understanding the relative potential effects on the entire performance of the organization and with such strategic issues the different strategies can be explored to understand the different issues along with the strategic elephants (Castaldo et al., 2017). The strategic choice has huge role in the corporate performance as this helps in setting targets of the entire performance that will benefit the beneficiaries. Proper setting of such levels helps in proper decision making process in the entire organization as well. This decision making process will help in gaining satisfactory performance and this will be a major choice as well. However there are different factors that affects the strategic choice in organization that are Environmental constraints, reaction of the competitors, constraints in information, effect of the previous strategy, time constraints and the preferences and values. Proper process of the strategic choice is essential in nature as this will help in focusing on the different alternatives as this will help in narrowing down the choice to one particular strategy that is feasible in nature. In the corporate level, the strategic alternatives are stability, expansion as well as combination or retrenchment, however on the other hand the business level strategies include differentiation, focused strategy of business as well. Secondly, the organization has to analyze the alternatives of the strategic choice that includes both objective as well as subjective factors. The strategies has to be evaluated properly as this will help in making proper strategic choice and it will help in understanding the most suitable strategic choice that will help in analyzing both external as well as internal environment of the organization (Castaldo et al., 2017). Strategic choice in the organization helps in analyzing both the external and internal environment that are esse ntial in nature and this will help in achieving the goals of the organization as well. Therefore, it can be concluded that strategic choice is the perspective that is most compelling in nature as this focuses both on external and internal environment. This is the choice that helps in analyzing the decision making of the individuals both outside as well as inside the organization. Strategic choice helps in proper decision making of the individuals as this will help in evaluating and analyzing the strategies (Castaldo et al., 2017). Strategic choice theory was applied during the period of industrial relation in the United States and this has huge influence on the changes that were taking place rapidly as well. The determinism approach was not taken into consideration as that focused on the external environment and the internal environment was not provided proper importance as it was required. References Anastasiou, D. and Kauffman, J.M., 2013, August. The social model of disability: Dichotomy between impairment and disability. 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