Reaction Attachment Disorder - SmartCustomWriting.com Samples

Reaction Attachment Disorder - SmartCustomWriting.com Reaction Attachment DisorderAbstract The definition of reactive attachment disorder has been provided in this paper followed by a brief introduction to the symptoms of the disorder. The positive and negative outcomes and their impact on relationships has been put forward. The causes of the reactive attachment disorder amongst infants and adults have been tackled. Finally, the various treatment strategies as addressed by empirical research have concluded the paper. Introduction This is a severe uncommon disorder that affects children. The disorder is characterized by poor or inappropriate social interactions or excessive interactions depicted by children even with strangers. In most cases the child appears to be disturbed in terms of making the normal social interactions from all contexts. During early childhood, it is expected that the child develops attachments to the caregiver with the normal socialization models. The care giver in this case could even be the mother or any other person charged with the responsibility of taking care of the child. However with the disorder such an attachment is not achieved because of a number of factors ranging from child abuse, neglect, genetic, environment or even separation from the child in the early stages of development. (Cappelletty, Brown,Shumate,2005). Children with Reaction Attachment Disorder (RAD) have social interaction models that appear to be grossly disturbed and can be the main cause of future behavior problems later on in life. The symptoms of the disorder vary from behavior problems to socialization problems as depicted by researchers. (Fairchild, 2006). Symptoms Behavior problems Children with RAD are clearly noticed with aggressive and oppositional behaviors at their young age.Most research findings have demonstrated that  Ã‚   RAD children are not affectionate to their parents and they lack eye contact on parents. Such children can be indiscriminately attracted to strangers unlike in the normal cases. They also tend to be very destructive on their self and other kids. For instance they are always in trouble and prone to accidents than other children. In most cases, they would want to be given more attention than anybody else.   They are also prone to vices such as stealing and lying. Such can tell lies even for the obvious things. Evidence from empirical studies also indicate that RAD children often like asking non sense and annoying questions to their friends and their care takers. In terms of knowledge and learning, researchers have indicated that the children normally lag behind in language and other cognitive skills. In cases where the children have been left with pets and other animals, they have tended to display a cruel behavior towards the animals. From empirical studies, children with RAD display a variety of symptoms that are unusual and clearly reflect their disturbed attachments. (Shaw Paez,2007). Negative outcomes of the disorder Undesirable behaviors are part and parcel of children who have Reaction Attachment Disorder. In some cases the children have depicted erratic mood swings. The unpredictable behavior can be in the form of clinging to hanging and swearing. In studies where the children with the disorder have been assessed, the results have shown that the children stated concerns about being mad and crazy. In some cases, psychiatric analysis has pointed pointed out that the child here’s a voice instructing to do a particular undesirable activity. Research has also shown evidence of children not showing affection to their parents as a result of the disorder. Bad behaviors such as stealing unnecessarily and lying can be quite a common thing amongst the children with the disorder. (Schechter Willheim,2009). Delayed social and cognitive development. Children with Reaction Attachment Disorder can experience delayed development in their cognitive abilities. In most cases the children find difficulties and are completely unable to accomplish cognitive tasks assigned to them in school or by the caregivers. Delayed cognitive development can be indicated in such cases with mild mental retardation. In terms of social development affected children can depict immature socialization and inappropriate behaviors. The behavior of the children can also be indiscriminate social interaction with lack of abilities to regulate emotions such as anger. The children can also show lack of attention and concentration while in the company of caregivers and other children. Language deficiency is also associated with the children with the disorder. Affected children can experience difficulties in receptive and expressive skills. The child may be unable to undertake comprehension and articulation exercises. (Schwartz, DavisAndrew,2006). Positive outcomes The interruptive and controlling behavior of children with Reaction Attachment Disorder can be made useful in terms of leadership. This is in light of the fact that they have tendencies of believing that they are more powerful than the rest. The children therefore do not find it comfortable to be led or influenced by others. In their ability to have control over what others are doing, RAD children can end up being chosen as young leaders. This is also achieved positively because they are able to make others focus on what they do. By this they easily manage to influence and lead others. In future such an   ability can grow and develop into future leaders in business and in the corporate world. Growing up and developing independently is a positive outcomes of RAD. In most cases children develop attachment to their parents at a very tender age. Most of them are unable to live independently without the affection from the parents.   With or without parents, RAD children would still continue living and achieve education and other important goals. The reduced attachment and dependency on parents should therefore be viewed as a strength because the children cannot break down in case something happened to the care givers. In future such children could also develop into powerful people in the society who are self driven and highly motivated. A good historical example was provided by Adolf Hitler who suffered the disorder in his early childhood. The ability of the RAD children to depend on themselves is a very important positive outcome. This is because they can easily confront the challenges that come in their way without involving other children or care givers.   This can make such children develop talents and other skills that can benefit them in their future lives. For instance independent thought and decision making can be greatly developed in such children more than their counterparts who are so much dependent on caregivers and colleagues. Causes of Reaction Attachment Disorder (RAD). Child abuse Abuse has become a common threat amongst young children and it has been blamed by most researchers to be a cause of this severe disorder. Abuse can be physical, emotional and even sexual. Psychologists argue that when the child is subjected to abuse in any form, the risk of developing an attachment disorder is very high. In most cases, child who have been subjected to abuse by their caregivers, siblings or parents often are impulsive towards the people who caused the problem. Later own this can be transferred to other people hence a reaction attachment disorder. (Fairchild, 2006). Neglect In normal situations, it is expected that a parent should take care of the child to ensure that all the needs are met as the child undergoes growth and development. Child neglect is a common problem among teenage mothers and other cases. Research has indicated that children who have been neglected lack the love and affection of parents or primary care givers. The children struggle on their own and they fail to develop the necessary attachment to their parents. In such cases , the children are forced to socialize on their own and this can greatly interfere with their different aspects of development. In some cases, the symptoms of the disorder have been noticed in children who have been separated from the primary care givers. If the mother was the source of primary care for the child when the mother is separated from the child due to factors such as death or any other separation, the child might fail to initiate attachments with other people. This has been mentioned by sociologists and they argue that it is a common case during early adolescence. Foster parents who have adopted children who have pasts full of abuse and neglect have experienced behaviors in the children that are associated with the disorder. The most common behavior in the aggressive behavior that has been witnessed by most of the foster parents. (Guttmann-Steinmetz Crowell, 2006). Genetic constitution of the infant. The genetic constitution of the child can also predispose the child to RAD. This is still under the aspects of poor maternal care and its impact on the child’s development. Infants are normally born with different genetic profiles some which can result in the attachment and behavior disorders. There is a strong growing body of evidence from animal and clinical studies that suggests that the infant’s genetic constitution is very important in the reaction towards pathogenic environments. In the genetic makeup of the child , there are genes that are in charge or releasing the neuronal hormones that shape the child’s attachments to the mother or primary care giver. From this point of view, it is more likely that some children become susceptible to disturbed attachment depending on the nature of their genes. In light of this issue, several genes have been cited to have an effect on attachment and detachment of the child. For instance vasopressin and serotoninergic hav e been implicated in studies of attachment disorders. (Hardy, 2007) Maternal Ambivalence This involves the various reactions and processes the expectant mothers go through which might affect the developing child. It is vital to mention that in some communities, cultures can exert a lot of pressure on the mother. The way the mother responds to the cultural pressures determines the risk to attachment disorders. In some cases the mother is supposed to deal with stressful situations such as uncooperative husbands or separation issues and they all affect the relationship with the child. In cases where mothers have responded with mixed reactions on the child chances of forming stronger ties with the child even after birth become slim hence making the child to develop RAD symptoms. (Hardy, 2007) Inheritance A number of   studies have pointed out the role played by poor motherhood in the occurrence of RAD in infants. It is vital to mention that emotional and cognitive aspects of the mother can predispose the child to the attachment disorder. There are studies which have been done on primate mothers have indicated that mothers have the potential of influencing the future behavior of their children in relation to the disorder. Specifically they have concluded that nonhuman mothers who were abused at infant stage are more likely to abuse their children hence leading to the development of the disorder in their off springs. This was observed in both the children raised by their biological mothers as well as those raised by their non biological mothers. Maternal anxiety and other emotions in relation to bad behavior of the child has also been indicated by research to affect the child. Children who have behavior problems and are difficult to manage can trigger anxiety amongst mothers and if i t is not handled carefully, it can result in the disturbed attachment in the infants of 4 years. The goodness of fit in the mothers environment has also been associated with triggering factors of the disorder. Sociologists argue that the mother has to be well equipped with the right attitudes and skills that can control the external environment of the child. This is applicable to infants who are unresponsive and quiet and also those who are irritable and repulsive. With such a control, the mother is able to reduce the risk of the environment in triggering symptoms of the disorder. (Hardy, 2007) Treatment/Therapy Therapy and management of reaction attachment disorder requires a lot of patience from the people involved. Immediate success upon commencement of the therapy should not be anticipated. Infants and adolescents are often oppositional and aggressive and can test the limits of external controls and rules. The therapists must therefore be prepared for little appreciation from the patients while at the same time expects the negative feedback in terms of behavior of the patients. (Hoffman,   Marvin, Cooper Powell, 2006). Empirical studies have identified various treatments for reactive attachment disorder. One of the most common strategy has been psychotherapy and has taken different dimensions while utilizing theories such as that of attachment. Becker-Weidman has articulated the Dyadic development psychotherapy. The researcher argues that symptoms of the disorder have declined to a great extent in cases where the method has been applied effectively. The therapy is based on the attachment theory and it is founded on the premise that the current situation of the child is the most essential in reducing the symptoms while at the same time the experiences of the child should be looked into. Building a relationship with the child is a key aspect of this treatment. The proponent argues that it is through the knowledge of the child’s background and experiences that workable relationships can be built with the care giver. In an environment where there is safety of the child, the therapist models heal thy attachment modes. The RAD child is given a chance to re-experience the traumatic situations and in the event new feelings are triggered and expressed. (Becker-Weidman, 2006). Cycle of security therapy This is a strategy that uses the secure and non secure attachment designs. The process is led by a therapist who addresses the children and the care givers. One of the goals of the therapy is to develop a secure working environment between the children and the caregiver. The goal then shifts to the attention and sensitivity and responsibility that looks into the attachment needs of the child. The ability to recognize the verbal and non-verbal cues is enhanced by the methods. (Hoffman, Marvin, Cooper Powell, 2006). Another therapy that has been put forward through empirical research is known a eye desensitization and reprocessing. Such a therapy in founded on the assumption that traumatic episodes are trapped rather than processed by the brain. Each and every aspect of the negative experiences continue to be reactivated every now and then and they have an impact on the victim of the disorder. Children who suffered abuse and neglect continue to visualize these bad experiences and it interferes with their abilities to form relationships with their caregivers. This therapy has the potential of diminishing the unfortunate experiences of abuse and neglect and replaces them with positive feelings such as those of happiness and hope. The RAD infants are therefore able to continue with a normal life that is full of excitement and positive attitude towards others hence attachments. (Newman, 2007). Medications for other conditions that might be affecting the child with RAD has also shown positive results according to empirical research. Studies have continued to point that conditions such as anxiety and depression might be very influential towards the behavior of adolescents. In cases where these conditions have been kept at bay, reactive attachment disorder symptoms have reduced tremendously. Counseling Individual psychological counseling can be of great help to children suffering from the attachment disorder. In this case, the therapist who can be the parent or care giver should seek psychological counseling on how to bring back attachment relations with the affected child.   The caretaker can also attend the counseling sessions with the affected child for the psychologists to have a first- hand experience with the patient. Empirical studies have shown that RAD children who are given medicine by the psychologists would show diminishing behavior problems with application of therapy. In these studies the patients were enrolled in a three year program. During the three years counseling was applied and it resulted in positive results with changed behavior in the children. Specifically the patients developed attachments with their adopted mothers and they showed a diminishing trend in the oppositional and aggressive behavior. (Haggard Hazan, 2006). Play therapy This form of therapy makes use of a number of important aspects in forming attachments between the caregiver and the child. The balance of structure, nurturance and play are key in this case in the formation of attachments. As recorded by Weir (2007), modifying theraplay is a crucial step towards helping the child with attachment problems. The approach is applicable to children of upto 12 years. The sessions are designed to last for one hour per week and should last between 10 to 20 weeks. The facets that are key towards better attachments include structure, challenge, stimulation and nurturing as mentioned by Pzybylo (2002). Structure in theraplay refers to the groundwork in which times rules are set and reviewed for the sake of establishing the structure. The challenge pertains to the scenario where the participation of parents and children is required whether they like it or not. Participation of these two important stakeholders ensures that the required tasks are completed as set to realize the objectives. Engagement has to be undertaken in the therapy so as to attract the children and ensure they are in the process of changing their behavior. Nurturing has been considered to be a very important aspect of play therapy by the research. It is through nurturing that the desirable bonds are established between the care giver and the child. A sense of security is very essential for the child. Empirical research had provided evidence that affirms that the more secure the environment formed by the caregiver, the stronger the attachments that are established between the child and the care giver. (Newman, 2007). Conclusion. Reactive attachment disorder manifests itself in different behavior problems and has an impact on the relationships between infants and their care givers. It is vital to understand the symptoms of the disorder before choosing the appropriate therapy. Empirical research has shown the success that has been achieved by various treatment methods   that have been discussed in the paper. References Becker?Weidman, P. A. (2006). Treatment for children with trauma attachment disorders:   Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapies. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal , 23 (2), 147?171. Cappelletty, G. G., Brown, M. M., Shumate, S. E. (2005). Correlates of the Randolph   Attachment Disorder Questionnaire (RADQ) in a sample of children in foster placement. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal , 22 (1), 71?84. Fairchild, S. R. (2006). Understanding attachment: Reliability and validity of selected attachment measures for preschoolers and children. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal , 235?261. Guttmann-Steinmetz S, Crowell JA (2006). "Attachment and externalizing disorders: a developmental psychopathology perspective". J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 45 (4): 440–51. Hardy, L. T. (2007). Attachment theory and reactive attachment disorder: Theoretical perspectives and treatment implications. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 27?39. Hoffman, K. T., Marvin, R. S., Cooper, G., Powell, B. (2006). Changing toddlers' and preschoolers' attachment classifications: The Circle of Security intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 1017?1026. Haugaard, J, J.; Hazan, Cindy.(2006).Recognizing and Treating Uncommon Behavioral and Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents Who Have Been Severely Maltreated: Reactive Attachment Disorder. Child Maltreatment, Vol 9(2), May 2007. pp. 154-160. Mukaddes, N Motavalli; Kaynak, F. Nimet; Kinali, Gulsevim.(2005). Psychoeducational Treatment of Children with Autism and Reactive Attachment Disorder. Autism The International Journal of Research and Practice, v8 n1 p101-109 Mar 2005. Newman L, Mares S (2007). "Recent advances in the theories of and interventions with attachment disorders". Curr Opin Psychiatry 20 (4): 343–8 Schwartz, Eric; Davis, Andrew S.. (2006). Reactive attachment disorder: Implications for school readiness and school functioning.Psychology in the Schools, Apr2006, Vol. 43 Issue 4, p471-479, 9p; DOI: 10.1002/pits.20161. Shaw, S. R., Paez, D. (2007). Reactive attachment disorder: Recognition, action, and considerations for school social workers. Children and Schools , 69?74. Schechter DS, Willheim E (2009). Disturbances of attachment and parental psychopathology in early childhood. Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Issue. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinics of North America, 18(3), 665-687. Weir, P. K. (2007). Using integrative play therapy with adoptive families to treat reactive attachmentdisorder: A case study. Journal of Family Psychotherapy , 18 (4), 1?16.

Harley davidson Essay Example

Harley davidson Essay Example Harley davidson Paper Harley davidson Paper The video presents a Harley riding family as they venture from California to Milwaukee. The film presents footage of these popular machines, along with a look at the various types of people who consider themselves motorcycle enthusiasts. Having Embedded Into films, movies, and American culture, the high quality motorbikes became American legends ranking Harley Davidson Motor Cycles Company brand, logo and name among the worlds leading companies. In incense Harley Davidson is the Spirit of America. But Harley Davidson Motor Cycles Company offered a unique product during this period of 100 years such that there were high barriers for entry for other competitors Into he high quality motorbikes that It offered to Its most popular market, the American people. Financial difficulties in the sasss led to the parent company, MAP putting the motorcycle division up for sale. Lack of buyers, a group of Harley managers bought out the company and rescued it with a business turnaround that included brand extensions into licensed goods, such as apparel and related accessories. Now a publicly owned company, Harley has scored double-digit growth for eighteen consecutive years. Harley transformed Itself Into a strong marketing company with a Men From Hell, who meet up with new friends along their route is mentioned in the documentary. Michael Lighter, a photographer who has taken motorcycle images. Later, a large group of Harley riders hit an art gallery to check out and chat about Lighters work. Another big segment of the documentary is devoted to women of all ages who have moved on from riding on the back of the seat on to their own Harley, and the brand has responded by making bikes optimized for women. : Finally, towards the end of the video, it tells more about the Hells Angels and the charity work they do. Theres also more about some of the famed yearly rides. It is very interesting about their marketing management to make Harley Davidson becomes the spirit of America. Case analysis The Harley-Davidson Corporation has been dominating the motorcycle industry for many decades. Today, it continues to have a strong presence in the American market. The mission statement of the company is To fulfill dreams through the experience of motorcycling, by providing to motorcyclists and to the general public and expanding line of motorcycles and branded products and services in selected market segments. Harley-Davidson, Inc. Is the parent company for the group of companies doing equines as Harley-Davidson Motor Company, Bull Motorcycle Company and Harley- Davidson Financial Services. Harley-Davidson Motor Company manufactures five families of motorcycles: Supporters 8, Dana Glide, Softball 8, Touring and VRRP. Bull Motorcycles Company produces sport motorcycles, including four big-twin CB models, and the single-cylinder Bull Blast 8. Bull also offers a line of motorcycles parts, accessories, apparel and general merchandise. Harley-Davidson Financial Services provide wholesale and retail financing and insurance pogroms primarily to Harley- Davidson/Bull dealers and customers. This case could be analysis by using: S. W. O. T. Analysts Strengths According to the video, Harley-Davidson celebrated its 100-year anniversary. Over the past century, the company has created a strong brand image and a loyal customer base. It maintains a close relationship with its customers through a variety of program, such as Hog Owners Group (H. O. G. ), product offerings and events such as Daytona, motor shows, and rallies. In addition, Harley-Davidson has a strong financial position, excellent supply chain management, and a superior product line, which are enabled through creative engineering technology and design. Due to the decline in the market share to Japanese companies in the seventies, Harley-Davidson phased out its weak models, becoming more selective in targeting a specific customer segment and limiting sales and promotion. This strategy created a niche market for their bikes in which the company enjoys a strong position today. Weaknesses First, the company is in its maturity stage and, unless it manages to protect its position, it will be faced with the decline period again. Secondly, the companys products are expensive, which limits them to a specific niche in the market and makes it difficult to grow their customer base. They also have a wait-list for certain products, which can create a substitute effect. Lastly, they are lacking a strong presence in Europe. Opportunity There are various opportunities in the market for Harley-Davidson today, especially with the introduction of the new V-Rod motorcycle. The company has the innovator status advantage in the Performance Cruiser class market segment. They are expanding their partnerships with various European manufacturers, which should increase the presence of Harley-Davidson products in Europe. The corporation is well positioned to attract younger customers, and the company has plenty of room for Roth due to the high demands for its products. Threats Harley-Davidson is facing rigorous competition from Japanese manufacturers, specifically Honda and Yamaha. Yamaha targets the low-end market by providing a variety of products at affordable costs. Yamahas core competencies are small engines, electronic control, and fiberglass reinforced plastic. Yamaha is currently focusing on increasing its global competitive position. Honda is one of Harley- Davidson strongest competitors and is responsible for one-third of all motorcycle sales in the U. S. It has a strong financial base and reliable products. It continues to improve the performance of its motorcycles by focusing on fuel efficiency and lower emissions. In addition, Honda is beginning to increase its performance in the market by introducing information technology tools through its dealerships. These tools help increase dealer performance and create a more positive experience for the customer. The Marketing Mix In order to overcome the problems that Harley Davidson faced in the early sass and help the company regain its market share, a restructuring plan was implemented. Terrain developed an innovative system known as Circles of Management for ringing both workers and dealers together and involving them in taking key decisions relating to the company. A new marketing philosophy was developed based on the desires of the customers and Harley made efforts to position motorcycles as a lifestyle product. Product It was only grey color motorcycles that was offered to its customers and provided three basic styles at the time when Harley was formed. However, the company realized that in order to survive, it had to offer more choice to its customers. Harley realized that it would not be possible to compete with the Japanese manufacturers on the pricing front. This was because manufacturers like Honda not only manufactured a low-priced high-quality product, but also spent heavily on advertising their products. Place Harley started selling its motorcycles through its dealers in 1904. The companys first dealer was CHI Lang of Chicago, Illinois (Refer to Exhibit IV for the number of H-Dos full-line dealer outlets in the US). All the dealers were independent individuals with a business orientation. Promotion Over the decades, Harley had adopted several strategies to promote its motorcycle brand. The products were sold to retail customers mainly through dealer promotions, customer events, and advertising through national television, print, radio, direct mailings, and through advertising on the Internet. Recommendations Harley buyers said, When they are buying a Harley, they are buying an image and a lifestyle first and a motorcycle second. But, Harley-Davidson has to do more to ensure another 100 years of success. I would recommend that Harley do a few things differently. First, they could have researched the literature on what types of problems mechanistic manufacturing organizations face when they try to implement an ERP system in a highly inflexible environment. There was enough research and case analysis available to do this. While they were clearly aware of potential change resistance and the need to get all stakeholders involved, the amount of time their search and selection process required was ridiculous in todays business environment. We speculate that the sheer demand and high prices of their product allowed them to wallow in their inefficiencies a few more years before they had to bite the bullet. Second, obtaining the advice of experienced software and supply chain consultants earlier in the process probably could have saved some time and created a defined focus. Often, managers use the discipline and recommendations of insulates to reinforce the need for organizational change. With the purchasing process out of control, they could have brought in some purchasing expertise to clean up some of the mess before selecting a software system to help organize the process. Third, we questioned the research methods and bias of the data. However, if Harley eventually got what they wanted and it turned out to be a success for them, then perhaps their methods were valid. Harley buyers is 46, compared with an industry average of 38. This could have a damaging affect on consumers perception of a Harley being the old guys bike. Harley-Davidson produces only heavyweight motorcycles that are categorized into touring and cruiser motorcycles. To be successful here, Harley needs to provide smaller, easier to handle, comfortable, and good quality bikes to build up brand loyalty. The European market has great potential for Harley-Davidson since Europeans have higher disposable income and enjoy a higher standard of living. To succeed in this market, Harley-Davidson would have to modify their products to meet local needs, expand its distribution networks, and create strong customer service. Nowadays, as the feelings of American patriotism are so strong, Harley-Davidson deeds to continue to strengthen its positioning strategy by building on the Own an American Icon slogan. In summary, Harley-Davidson should capitalize on its current reputation and success by rapidly increasing demand, and by expanding its product line to reach new consumer markets, especially overseas. It needs to target a younger, technologically conscious and affluent market segment in order to increase its share of the market. The company is well positioned to attract younger customers and they have plenty of room for growth due to the high demands for its products. They also need to set an appropriate pricing strategy, in order to appeal to a wider market segment. Conclusion A feeling of independent, individualism, and freedom is what the Harley-Davidson sells. Theses strong emotional connections have made Harley-Davidson ownership much more of a lifestyle than merely a product consumption experience. To support that lifestyle, the company recognizes that its most important marketing tools is the network of individuals who ride Harley. Harley has adopted those management techniques and building a solid base between the management and the Unions/ employees made it possible for Harley-Davidson to improve its management processes. The realization of the importance of customer feedback led Harley to develop new marketing techniques. We can clearly see the impact Harveys improved manufacturing process, which consisted of: SIT, E, and SOC had on their continuously improving environment. The degree of relationship, loyalty, connection with consumers, the development of brand and product type and innovate new products regularly make Harley Davidson a strong brand, and never be afraid of any competitors. By the Journey and what they have managed and run their business sakes me no wonder why Harley Davidson has become a true American icon. Questions and Answer marketing success? Answer Harley Davidson has considered itself more than motorcycles, but they are legends. It is an American icon brand. When concerning most motorcycle owners have purchased their bikes as a second vehicle, using them more during weekends and free time instead of during the workweek. This implies that the motorcycles serve for recreational riding purposes. In the United States, Harley-Davidson has had much success because of responding the market trends and tastes people enjoy. Moreover, Harley-Davidson has position itself in the motorcycle industry is differentiate itself from its competitors by offering motorcycles that have more power, custom accessories, and carry the Harley-Davidson brand name and logo. Creating a sense of not only a motorcycle for a sport traveling, but also a chance for riders to meeting, riding, and sharing trip and vacation together. More important is building a strong sense of unity and harmony among them too. There are some key factors of Harley Davidson market success include having a strong and adaptable brand image, avian a strong marketing effort (both domestically and globally), and having a strong network of dealers. Harley-Davidson has found ways to turn these factors into strengths while pursuing a strategy using focused differentiation to sell its products. Harley-Davidson has created a network among its clients known as the Harley Owners Groups (HOG) which allows for people in certain geographic regions who own Harley-Davidson motorcycles to socialize or ride with other owners. 2. How does Harley Davidson build long-term customer relationships? As the matter of fact that Harley-Davidson produced the best quality motorcycle, customer satisfaction is their motto and its customers can experience the taste of reality of motorcycle dreams by relaying their satisfaction on them. Harley-Davidson is dedicated to use the advanced technology to produce the most superior motorcycle in domestic and international markets. The Harley has a strategy to build strong relationships with customers and dealers with varieties of activities like events, rallies, road-trip, festival or parade continuously. So the people both domestic and worldwide increase their recognition and making Harley Davidson brand loyalty to become a legend and a dream of many people who would like to own. Moreover, when a person buys a Harley-Davidson motorcycle, they receive a free I-year membership to the Harley Owners Group (HOG), which was developed in 1983 as a program to keep people active with their Harley especially keeps the company close to its customer. These are two major building blocks for long-term customer relationships. One is customer satisfaction and the other is adding customer value. First of all, Harley Davidson builds long term customer relationships by all kind of to customers. Harley Davidson has also embedded the American culture of customers and which help creating loyal customers. . What is Harley Davidson value proposition? Harley-Davidson stands for independence, freedom, individuality, expressing ones self, adventure on the open road, and experiencing life to its fullest. Harley-Davidson has a value mentally greater than the value to applications. Harley-Davidson has a unique and illustrates the lifestyle of the American people. It is a dream of many people who have owned or ridden caused lot of pride. Creating a common experience between the brand and the consumer over 100 years of Harley-Davidson, so the customers caused relationship and the value of Harley-Davidson together. Individuality, expressing ones self, adventure on the open road, and experiencing life to its fullest. This is what people are buying when they buy a Harley. 4. Relate the concept of customer equity to Harley-Davidson. How does Harley Davidson strategy focus on the right relationships with the right customers? Harley-Davidson made a detailed plan to analyze customers need and their consumption potential. Developing club marketing to keep long-term customer relation is the base of right relation and right customer. Harley-Davidson understands the power of a deep connection to a client is a true brand. They benefit room a long cycle life and indispensable to bring revenue and competitive advantage. So the thing that makes them different from one another. The belief that the consumer owns the brand, not the company has any idea on this. Consumers have become the people we need to build relationships. Harley Davidson strategy focuses on the right relationships with the right customers by gathering meaningful customer insights, utilizing new marketing technology and has kept in connection with customers to asses their needs so that Harley Davidson can building a strong and attractive brand and a product that can satisfy these needs.

10 Jobs That Pay More Than $80k And How To Get Them

10 Jobs That Pay More Than $80k And How To Get Them You want to choose a career that will challenge you and nurture your strengths, as well as fulfilling you in the long term. But a great salary doesn’t hurt either, right? Check out a few of these top paying jobs and see if they might be right for you. Some don’t even require you to have a college degree! 1. Information Security Architect: $114kThis job requires a great deal of experience and qualifications, but if you can line yourself up for it, you can make great money. Look to get certified in A+, Net+, and Security+. If you have the hands-on experience and the expertise to do this job (vetting security, working with firewalls, streamlining processes and solutions), then you could be all set.2. Systems Admin: $83kThe typical medial salary for this position is a bit lower, but the more experience you have, the higher up the pay scale you will be. It’s also in great demand. So if you are a whiz at technology, this job might be for you.3. Art Director: $95kAre yo u super talented and into art but people keep asking you how you plan to pay the bills? Go into art direction, creating the style and image of a publication, theatrical production, ad campaign, even window display! You’ll need to be able to design and follow a budget, as well as lead a team, but if you have the talent, training, creativity, and the eye, you’ll do great.4. Lawyer: $130kThis is one of those instantly respected positions. No one will ever give you trouble at a cocktail party again. You’ll have to go to law school and go into a lot of debt, but if it suits you, you’ll be almost guaranteed a competitive salary- depending on your specialization.5. Sales Manager: $116kYou’ll have to sell a lot to be a sales manager, but once you’re at that level, you won’t be doing as much of the actual selling. Instead you’ll be establishing territories, setting goals, and guiding a team that does the selling. If you’ve got fi ve years of sales experience under your belt, this might be something you could think about. It’s good steady work at good steady pay- with less travel.6. IT Manager: $125kTechnology is such an integral part of today’s workforce and world. IT Managers are generally very well paid because they keep technology running for the companies they work at. They are the lifeline when things go wrong!7. Business Operations Manager: $119kKeep your company running- by negotiating contracts, hiring new talent, building and leading teams, and making strategy decisions. The growth for this field is projected to be 7% through 2024. Look for jobs on the east coast, in Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey.8. Financial Manager: $134kOversee the money in your company, control the checkbook, make profit projections, manage cash flow, and coordinate accounting. It’s a very detail-oriented and highly confidential position, requiring great skill with numbers, but the pay is undeniably good.9. Marketing Manager: $116kConduct research and use it to shape a successful advertising campaign. Design skills won’t hurt you here, and neither will leadership and team-building skills. Live in your own personal Mad Men for a living.10. Supply Chain Manager: $81kThis job tends to lead to high satisfaction and high pay- the high end can net you up to $123k. You’ll have to work your way up to this position, which will require a lot of dedication, sweat and time, but particularly if you don’t have a college degree, it’s an excellent option.

The Common COld Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Common COld - Essay Example However it is not as serious as the flu because the cold are caused by a virus that that invades the cells in the nose and then replicate. The concentration of the virus is highest and contagious during the first two days before the person show any kind symptoms. This is the reason why infected children and medical staff can spread it before they show the signs of illness. This paper will analyze how its spreads, the type of viruses involves, the symptoms and the medication that can be provided. Common cold viruses are the most contagious prior to the symptoms showing for about three days of the cold. There are over 100 common cold viruses. This means that young children can get one cold after another. This can make the child quite discomforted but it is also good in a way in that, the child will develop more resistance to each virus and will reduce the frequency of being sick with common cold. Anybody is capable of infecting or spreading the virus. Cold viruses can be spread through discharge from the nose or throat. This can either be by through coughing kissing, sneezing, sharing eating utensils and getting into contact with infected objects. It is important to know that money, keys, toothbrushes and even door knobs can harbour these viruses. However, they can only leave on non human surface for about one to two hours. The common cold also known as rhinitis or coryza is known to be caused by a group of several of viruses. They include coronaviruses, adenoviruses, parainfluenza, repiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The one that is the prominent or dominant are the rhinoviruses though it seldom causes a serious illness. However, other viruses like paraainfluenza and RSV can produce severe respiratory illness in children and infants. This means that these two kinds of viruses are virulent. Coronaviruses are those viruses that tend to give adults common cold. These viruses cause cold during winter and early summer. Influenza (the flu) is also caused by a virus, eit her Influenze A or Influenza B. This is a viral disease of the upper respiratory tract. The disease affects the nose. It has the following symptoms sore throat, coughing, fever and running nose, which in most cases resolve in a weeks’ time. However, there are other symptoms, which last for almost three weeks. Over 100 viruses are associated with the cause of common cold. The most common are rhinoviruses. This makes the patient have show symptoms of sore throat, cough, muscle ache .head ache and fatigue. Occasionally, the common cold may be complicated by a bacterial infection for example, pneumonia, sinus infections. It is vital that these complications are treated with the appropriate antibiotics. There are numerous symptoms that can indicate that a person has been infected by common cold. These symptoms are evident after two to three days after the person has been infected with the virus. These include; tiredness, swelling of the sinuses, difficulty breathing through the no se, sore throat, sneezing, headache, and mucus builds upon the nose. Although fever is uncommon in adults who have been infected with the common cold virus, it is prevalent in children and can rise up to 102?F . Children should seek medical attention if it goes higher than this. These symptoms can last up to two weeks but, for those who take medication, it can last up to 10 days. Other

Ketchikan, Alaska Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ketchikan, Alaska - Essay Example This however drew attention to the enormous wood reserves and in 1954; one of the biggest pulp mills in the world was established. This too was closed down as a result of obsolete equipments and severe environmental regulations. (Thompson, 2008). The city is a home to a large number of different tribes and communities and hence presents a very wide and diverse culture. Many different tribes that have origins ranging from Indian to American live in this area. The famous tribes of Ketchikan are: Inupiat, Yupik, Aleut, Inuit, Tlingit, Haida, Tsimshian and Eyak. Akin to the various tribes, there are a range of religions prevalent in the area but the most widely practiced are Christianity and Buddhism. There are a number of churches in the city like St John’s Church on the mission street and the First Lutheran Church on the Tongass avenue. These religions have made an impact on the life of the people of Ketchikan as well as the whole region of Alaska. Different Institutions like sc hools, colleges as well as churches reflect the ideologies of these different religions spread throughout the state. (Ketchikan, Alaska) The city contains plenty of historical sites and museums that attract the visitors.

Individual marketing strategy and plan for launching Starbucks in Essay

Individual marketing strategy and plan for launching Starbucks in India - Essay Example The aim of the paper is to identify strategies for Starbucks so as to enter the Indian market and capture the major chunk from its existing players. The paper has certain limitations which include availability of data and time available to complete the paper. The timing of Starbucks to enter the market has approached as out of 1.2 billion of population majority of it consist of youth which is the target market for coffee houses therefore the market is huge and is already being attracted and loyal to existing players. Plus the existing players are expanding to its fullest highlighting that market is yet to be saturated but currently have lot of potential. Because Starbucks have what is needed to enter such tea drinkers market it is the right time for them to launch their product in India especially when they are already experienced with facing a tea drinker nation and capturing market there. Conducting a brief market analysis it can be seen that competition is tough due to players being in market since a long time, on the same time buyers and suppliers have strong say in the market because of suppliers being limited in number and buyers having lot of options. Moreover, the potential of new entrants is also high but those with excessive cash can enter easily and lastly the substitute’s availability which is also there in form of fast food restaurants providing highly processed coffee. The suitable location for Starbucks would be Mumbai and New Delhi due to the target market which is the youth and bother these cities have lot of big companies’ offices and call centers plus are hot spots to tourists (Paunikar 2004). To capture the market the coffee maker needs to come up with innovative ideas such as bank with in cafà © of Barista coffee or co-branding with banks for credit cards, etc. (Tribhuvan, 2007) Furthermore, because the customers are extremely price sensitive proper pricing strategy needs to be placed so as to be successful in this

Use cost effectiveness techniques to analyze programs Essay

Use cost effectiveness techniques to analyze programs - Essay Example It is the case that a single metric should be developed to analyze equally all the competing programs. For example it can’t be the case that one formula is used to analyze program ‘A’ and a separate and unrelated formula is used to analyze program ‘B’. If or example a city is determining hot to allocate funds for an after school program the factor inputs should be overall cost (V), amount of students that are willing and able to participate (W), east of implementation (X), facilities available (Y), desired outcome (Z) etc. in which a numeric value must be attached to the specific factor input. If for example a two competing sports programs are being analyzed such as soccer and Water Polo then the feasibility of Soccer=SV+SW+SX+SY+SZ and Water Polo= WV+WW+WX+WY+WZ. If for example one would like to give special weighting to the help programs that might be underrepresented than this should affect the value of a factor input. For example it may be the case that soccer is cheaper, more popular, easier to implement (Owing to existing facilities) however the desired outcome is the improvement of children’s swimming abilities than it is probably not the most desired action. For these reasons it may be that a special weighting would be given to desired outcome. There are a number of ethical implications that must be taken into consideration before moving forward with a special weighting being assigned to a factor input. Firstly one has to take into consideration whom is making the final decision and is it likely that this person or persons have any kind of bias on the matter. In the case of our aforementioned example it could be the case that the some of the decision makers assigning values to this metric also sit on the amateur league soccer board. With this in mind very strict guidelines on the ethical codes of conduct should be implemented before any sort of project of this nature should move forward. With